Impact mitigation refers to strategies and measures aimed at reducing or minimizing the negative effects of various impacts on the environment, society, or economy. This research area focuses on identifying, understanding, and implementing strategies to mitigate the adverse consequences of human activities, natural disasters, or other events that may cause harm or disruption. Impact mitigation may involve various approaches such as technology development, policy implementation, community engagement, and environmental monitoring to address and alleviate the impacts of activities such as mining, construction, pollution, natural disasters, and climate change. The goal of impact mitigation is to protect and preserve ecosystems, resources, and communities while promoting sustainable development and resilience.